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 We specialize in Www b dahl grass  Custom seeding available - Call for service area and pricing

Dahl’ Old World bluestem [OWB, Bothriochloa bladhii (Retz) S. “A rancher is nothing more than a grass farmer,” said Billy Paul Vinson, manager of the Dixon Creek division of the 6666 Ranch, headquartered in Carson County. 'WW-B. 95 red imported fire ant mounds per acre on a Bermuda grass field. WW B Dahl Grass Seed. . Dahl’ old world bluestem [OWB, Bothriochloa bladhii (Retz) S. Harmoney et al. It is typically more productive, has broader leaves, slightly more palatable,, and matures later than other cultivars. Dahl is successfully grown in central and northern Texas. Effect of defoliation patterns and developmental morphology of forage productivity and carbohydrate reserves in WW- B. Warm-season grass forage quality Forage quality measurements (protein, fiber, digestibility) of warm-season grasses. 5 2 3 5 9 Brome (Meadow) Blade 1 4 6 10 16 26 Brome (Smooth) Blade 2 5 10 16 28 47 Buffalo Grass Blade 3 12 36 62 92 123Adams et al. This is really nice small tract that is very diversified in nature with cattle grazing, Pecan production, hunting and fishing, recreation. Similar in most respects to 'WW-B. Justin Seed Company has stood as one of the greatest seed providers in. It does not spread like bremuda but with seed. WW B. TIFWAY TIFTON 419 BERMUDA SOD;. T. Klein grass (Selection-75) is a warm season, introduced, perennial bunch grass used primarily for grazing and hay production. Grows up to 2 feet tall, dark bluish-green sod grass with both rhizomes and stolons that take root at nodes. Dahl is successfully grown in central and northern Texas. Perennial. News;. WW B. , 2012). 5 billion in damages. Blake] Seed. ABSTRACT. Soil PH range 5. However, on a field about one mile southwest we measured 12. Dahl grows, primary abiotic characteristics were compiled where B. callmefence. Dahl (Figure 3) is the cultivar with the latest maturity attaining peak production WW-B Dahl Bluestem. Blake] were sampled during 3 years. A THESIS IN RANGE SCIENCE Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Texas Tech University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE Apprjerved Chairperson ofthe Committee /Accepted Dean ofthe Graduate. In the Southern High Plains of Texas, current agricultural production primarily consists of cotton and grain production. WW B. 5 – 8. Dahl had about one-third the fire ant mounds found in adjacent pastures of native grass or coastal bermuda (Cynodon dactylon [L. The only exception is that if you use a broadcast spreader then you need to mix the seed with sand or sawdust. Additionally, WW-B. Custom seeding available - Call for service area and pricing. The Soil Survey of Lubbock County contains much information useful in any land-planning program. $515. dahl is the thinning after a long dry spell like in 2011. It is a high-yielding grass that has low fertility requirements. 1722 N Closner Blvd Edinburg, TX 78541 (956) 292-0401524 South Hwy 156 Justin, TX 76247; (940) 648-2751. OWB cultivars were developed from introduced germplasm and have been selected for different diseaseTrue bugs, grasshoppers, and spiders were among the more abundant canopy arthropods in pastures. Based on external. 2024 Pearcy Angus RanchAnnual Female Sale. 6% of total system land area was the perennial warm-season grass WW-B. The protein then helps the plant produce leaves and grow more forage, which is higher in protein than the grasses growing with it. OWB cultivars were developed from introduced germplasm and have been selected for different disease 7,623. Back half of property is used for cattle, goats, hunting and recreational activities. Matures late in the. Contact Us. W-B Dahl grass robustness and strong cattle performance has been documented under various irrigation gradients, grazing systems, and summer and winter supplementation (Villalobos et al. Box 369. 454 Florida Entomologist 97(2) June 2014 INTERFERENCE OF PLANT ESSENTIAL OILS ON THE FORAGING BEHAVIOR OF SOLENOPSIS INVICTA (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE) Jie Wang, Xiaolong Qiu, ling Zeng and YiJuan Xu* Red Imported Fire Ant Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaPastures planted with WW-B. Steers were stocked in Dec. ThisThe Grass is Always Greener on Our Side of the Fence. For investors, the current owner will lease back from a new buyer the grazing and Pecan harvest. CTNc. Dahl grass showed some grass spread beyond its original field of planting, which increased with age of field. To subscribe call 940-872-5922. The property is in native grass with the exception of approximately 30-acres which is in WW B-Dahl grass - a bluestem variety. 00 /lbs. Breckenridge, Texas 76424 Phone: 254-559-2065. Apr 22, 2012 #4 1982vett":3etrvnxn said: CCRanch":3etrvnxn said:. The total area of the center-pivot field was 88 ha, with the north half of the pivot in pasture (44 ha) and the rest in row crops. Old World bluestems include several species of warm-season. harvest of WW-B. 0006). com; HOME; ABOUT; SOD SALES. Call us today to checkWW-Ironmaster bluestem (Bothriochloa ischaemum) - selected for use in iron-deficient soils and soils with a pH range of 7. 04 Geophyte n 0 6. Because Buffel Grass Seed Company, Inc. Grass: 40 acres formerly in wheat have been planted in WW-B Dahl grass. 9 fire ant mounds per acre on a WW-B. We can put. has a seed sales division, it carries any type of seed to meet your specifications. Light. Dahl is successfully grown in central and northern Texas. No difference was found in the number ofsampling strategies of ‘WW B. WW B Dahl has an outstanding leaf-to-stem ratio, resulting in high forage production and palatability. 6% (2. In the Southern High Plains of Texas, current agricultural production primarily consists of cotton and grain production. Phone: 806-652-3504. 4% of area was divided into two equal size pastures where cotton grew in rotation with Gordo bluestem is an introduced warm season perennial bunchgrass which spreads by seed, . The soil in which B. Mikrobiologi Lingkungan. Dahl old world bluestem; OWB_BER = system comprised of WW-B. It provides excellent forage for all classes of livestock and provides good cover for deer . 75-90 day maturity. The Foretenberry brothers, Bain on the left and Ethan on the right. Additionally, WW-B. It is a blue-stem perennial that grows in tufts of grass. Quantitative analysis by GC and GC–MS methods revealed a. Make sure the ground isn't soft at all but mostly free of other grass and weeds. Dahl had about one-third the fire ant mounds found in adjacent pastures of native grass or coastal bermuda (Cynodon dactylon (L. The internodes are flattened. In 1994, WW-B. 454 Florida Entomologist 97(2) June 2014 INTERFERENCE OF PLANT ESSENTIAL OILS ON THE FORAGING BEHAVIOR OF SOLENOPSIS INVICTA (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE) Jie Wang, Xiaolong Qiu, ling Zeng and YiJuan Xu* Red Imported Fire Ant Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou. VI Simposio Internacional de Pastizales. WW-B Dahl grass is an old world bluestem from India. Dahl grass. S. 5 billion in damages. (Dewald et al. However, with the depletion of the Ogallala aquifer and rising energy costs, other production systems are being considered. ‘WW-B. Bermuda Triangle Bermudagrass should be planted on well drained soil with full sun light. Drawer 389 Physical Address: 287 Hwy 72 West Kenedy, TX 78119 Fax: (830) 583-9843 Phone: (830) 583-3456Our online storefront is open for orders 24/7. WW-B. Dahl grass under dryland conditions, even in the record dry year, appears suitable to support moderateWW Spar Bluestem is a productive, highly palatable, old world bluestem grass. Plains is a mixture of 30 different varieties each maturing at slightly different times, thus a longer green grazing season. Nov 12, 2012. Introduced/ Native: Introduced. Alamo Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) Native, perennial ,warm season bunch grass . It is typically more productive, has broader leaves, slightly more palatable,, and matures later than other cultivars. 'GANADA' is more winter hardy but less productive than Plains, WW-Spar, and WW-Iron Master. WW-B. It has good drought tolerance and produces well under dryland or irrigated conditions. Dahl’ old world bluestem (Bothriochloa bladhii) grown in the Texas High Plains. The red imported fire ant (Solenopsis invicta Buren) is an invasive pest that causes ecological disturbance and economic damage to habitats worldwide. (325) 234-5353 Clayton's Mobile. WW- B. 70. O. Dahl grass. Free essays, homework help, flashcards, research papers, book reports, term papers, history, science, politics2301 County Road 227, Blanket, TX 76432 is a single family home listed for sale at $1,685,000. Cold tolerance is. 5-acre pond that has been stocked with bass, catfish, and crappie and provides some great fishing opportunities. Dahl) Blade 1 4 9 19 32 50 Grama (Side Oats) Blade 1 2. Research Ranch at Justiceburg, TX. Due to the lack of information on the environmental conditions in which WW-B. Crops Prod. Lubbock (ID): Texas Tech. WW-B Dahl grass is an old world bluestem from India. Latest posts. W. Morphological Changes Of Ww-B. I used to grow it for seed. S. Seeding Rigs for RentTEXAS PASTURE GRASS REPELLENCY TO THE RED IMPORTED FIRE ANT by TROY STERNBERG, B. 'WW-B. T. WW-B. oz/A) was applied 1 day. Also one introduced variety that interests me is WW-B Dahl bluestem. The seed needs to be dropped directly on top of the ground. Sep 26, 2019. See full list on extension. ischaemum was growing had a lower BD, greatest root biomass, organic matter content, and aggregate stability suggesting superior soil quality for agricultural production. Johnston Seed Company Physical Address 319 West Chestnut Enid, OK 73701 View Map. A quick comment on the WW B Dahl. 2009. Dahl is a warm-season perennial ‘tufted’ bunchgrass with an upright growth habit. Due to the lack of information on the environmental conditions in which WW-B. /acre: 12/1 - 6/1: Ironmaster: 1. At each site, we studied two adjacent plots, one with established WW-B. Large oak trees and elevation changes provide excellent cover for the abundant wildlife that call the ranch home. Brosig B-Dahl Bluestem Grass Seed | Drought Resistant Grass. ischaemum was growing had a lower BD, greatest root biomass, organic matter content, and aggregate stability suggesting superior soil quality for agricultural production. WW-B DAHL BLUESTEM; T-587 BLUESTEM; MEDIO BLUESTEM; KLEBURG BLUESTEM; KING RANCH BLUESTEM; GORDO BLUESTEM; KLEIN. Email: silvercreekfarm@nts-online. (361) 881-8626; jaime@buffelgrassseed. Search Advanced search…. Erosion Control – Weeping Lovegrass germinates quickly and can be mixed with other grasses to provide a quick stand of vegetation for erosion control on sandy soils. University trials through out the South have confirmed that CD 90160 not only out yields its competition but also has shown to have 20% higher protein and 14% higher TDN values compared to Coastal, Cheyenne. The Brosigs have planted B-Dahl Grass Seed in pastures and famland from Lubbock to Laredo, Texas, and as far as North Arkansas and the Southern part Missouri with great success. 5-3 inches. Dahl’ old world bluestem (Bothriochloa bladhii) grown in the Texas High Plains. B-Dahl Bluestem Grass Seed. Plateau (2 fl. Had we had enough on hand, we would not have had to sell 75% of our herd later that year. WW-B Dahl Bluestem. It is primarily used in Athletic Fields, Parks, Golf Courses (Tees & Fairways) and Home or Commercial Lawns. This is a 7-bed, 5. Use a drop seeder while using the fertilizer attachment. Most people will grab up junk coastal over great B Dahl just because its coastal and it's. Bothriochloa bladhii Agriculture & Biology 100%But not enough is known about the production of some of the improved native and introduced warm-season grass species and varieties. ‘WW-B. Dahl. , 1995). Cost per Acre $166. I have heard that a lot in the area thinned and native grass has came in its place. Dahl’ Old World bluestem [OWB, Bothriochloa bladhii] is a highly productive, drought-tolerant grass in dryland and limited-irrigation conditions. I'm sure it will do well. K. Results Per Page 1 5 10 20 40 60 80 100 Sort Options Ascending Descending . (Photo by Jessica Crabtree) ‘WW-B. 36 Mg m–3) and B. Dahl Old World bluestem in May 2007 at a seeding rate of 2. Soil temperatures should be 65F or higher. (361) 881-8626; jaime@buffelgrassseed. It is best adapted for southern plains areas receiving 15 to 35 inches of average rainfall. Dahl’ cultivar of Old World bluestem [OWB, Bothriochloa bladhii (Retz) S. Our initial research and producer experiences have identified WW-B. 1992. 8 lbs. Brosig B-Dahl Grass Seed, Eden, Texas. WW-B Dahl Grasses. Dahl Old World bluestem. Bluestem, Yellow (Plains, WW Spar) 2 pls: ¼” Apr-May: Good in loams, fair in clays and sandy soils. Dahl suggest that WW-B. In pastures of ‘WW-B. Rick Kellison's. Introduced. What is B Dahl grass? WW B Dahl has an outstanding leaf-to-stem ratio, resulting in high forage production and palatability. Pollinator abundance in semi-arid pastures as affected by forage species. The grass was introduced from India and released as an improved cultivar for its superior growth characteristics and persistence in the southern Great. Dahl OWB established once in 1998 at 3 lb PLS/acre. Malang (ID): UMM Press. WW B-Dahl Bluestem Grass Seed Sales. Additionally, WW-B. Total stocker steer gains increase with increasing nitrogen and irrigation use. This hearty, drought resistant Grass Seed is avai WW-B. Water Reduction Using WW-B. It has been tested and developed because of the low rainfall in the Texas panhandle and lower Oklahoma. O. From Guyana Highlands (4º N). 454 Florida Entomologist 97(2) June 2014 INTERFERENCE OF PLANT ESSENTIAL OILS ON THE FORAGING BEHAVIOR OF SOLENOPSIS INVICTA (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE) Jie Wang, Xiaolong Qiu, ling Zeng and YiJuan Xu* Red Imported Fire Ant Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou. The grass species differed in their above-ground biomass and below-ground root production. Great Livestock Farm - 160 acres fenced and cross-fenced - 2. (unpublished data, 2002). Dahl’ old world bluestem [Bothriochloa bladhii (Retz) S. WW-B Dahl Bluestem Variety Not Stated Bothriochloa bladhii Introduced Perennial Warm 12/1 - 6/1 1. Location. 60/acre. A DISSERTATION IN RANGE SCIENCE Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Texas Tech University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Approved. deer, turkey, and bird hunting. Maya will establish a superior bermudagrass turf throughout the warm. 00 PLS Silver Bluestem Santiago Germplasm $80. Dahl’ $31. Texas Tech University, Jose Francisco Villanueva-Avalos, August 2008 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I want to express my sincere and profound gratitude to my major professor Dr. Blue Grass (Kentucky - Odyssey) Blade 11 44 84 128 190 269 Bluestem (Pawnee Big) (W/Beards) Blade 0. Dahl Old World bluestem. caucasica was grown had the highest BD (1. WW-B DAHL BLUESTEM; T-587 BLUESTEM; MEDIO BLUESTEM; KLEBURG BLUESTEM; Tx Jim · #3 · Jul 20, 2018. ) Pers) grass, and the difference is. novatech Well-known member. July 2023 . It was released cooperatively by the Southern Plains Range Research Station of Woodward, OK and the Oklahoma Agriculture Experiment Station in 1982. WW-b Dahl is more leafy and more palatable than most of the others. Effect of defoliation patterns and developmental morphology of forage productivity and carbohydrate reserves in WW- B. A single plant can mature to take over a whole square yard of. DAHL PASTURES TO PRODUCE BEEF: POTENTIAL TO RELIEVE AQUUFER IRRIGATION AND SUSTAIN MORE INTENSIVE AGRICULTURE FOR DIVERSE WESTERN RANGELAND CONDITIONSAnt are really bad this year and there on everything and there in my hen house and on my corn also around the pig pens I would pefer only one product for both uses. Not saying it's better, but it's more recognizable to people so it sells. The carbon fluxes were used to calculate the net ecosystem exchange (NEE) and net primary production (NPP) from these two contrasting fields in the study. ft. Dahl Grass [Bothriochloa Bladhii (Retz) S. Dahl was similar to that of WW-IronMaster, Plains, WW-Spar, and Caucasian bluestem based onfree choice by stocker steers in animal acceptance trials atWoodward during 1979,. Email: [email protected] – 8. In this system, cattle graze on native grassland during the March to mid-July growing season and then move to the introduced grassland from mid-July through fall, after which they are sold to market. Caucasian bluestem is also called Australian beardgrass (or bluestem), forest bluegrass, and purple plume grass. Effect of defoliation patterns and developmental morphology of forage productivity and carbohydrate reserves in WW- B. Dahl is successfully grown in central and northern Texas. Today's PostsThis study evaluated the electrophysiological effect, toxicity and repellency of five eugenol derivatives against S. B-Dahl seed will lay dormant in the soil until soil temperature and moisture is right. Dahl Old World bluestem. Dahl grass. 1). Dahl grass showed some grass spread beyond its original field of planting, which increased with age of field. the remainder of the property is rolling to hilly terrain with an excellent cover of oaks and browse for wildlife. ] Pers) grass, and the difference is statistically. These fields include a center-pivot irrigated pasture of WW-B. I'm not completely clear on this, either. Dahl and the other featuring a different grass, such as Bermuda (Cynodon dactylon [L. Dahl grows, primary abiotic characteristics were compiled where B. (361) 881-8626; [email protected] Florida Entomologist 97(2) June 2014 INTERFERENCE OF PLANT ESSENTIAL OILS ON THE FORAGING BEHAVIOR OF SOLENOPSIS INVICTA (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE) Jie Wang, Xiaolong Qiu, ling Zeng and YiJuan Xu* Red Imported Fire Ant Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaPastures planted with WW-B. Grass: 40 acres formerly in wheat have been planted in WW-B Dahl grass. Dahl had about one-third the fire ant mounds found in adjacent pastures of native grass or coastal bermuda (Cynodon dactylon [L. Jan 3, 2012. ‘WW-B. The most limiting factor associated with this grass. Blake], Texas Tech University, USA. Box 369. . Reply. Effect of Defoliation Patterns and Developmental Morphology on Forage Productivity and Carbohydrate Reserves inVillanueva-Avalos JF. Giant Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) Introduced, perennial, warm season grass. Due to the lack of information on the environmental conditions in which WW-B. 524 South Hwy 156 Justin, TX 76247Time since perennial grass established:. Contact us: jaime@buffelgrassseed. 8 900,000A lot of the B Dahl grown in Texas came from my field. Dahl grass are found together throughout central and north Texas. Dec 17, 2015. Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León. Stems are purplish green and upright, with some tending to lie prostrate the first season. ThisWW Iron Master is noteable for it’s improved cold-tolerance and adaptability to iron deficient and high pH soils. It has good drought tolerance and produces well under dryland or irrigated conditions. KB Bhandari, CP. Morphological Changes Of Ww-B. Rick Kellison's. annual), grass (misc. The results of that study showed that the number of fire ant mounds were much lower in WW-B Dahl pastures than in fields planted with other types of grass. Blake]. Cattle (Bos taurus L. net. The correct species classification for “WW B. Good cold tolerance, fair drought and salt tolerance. ] Pers) grass, and the difference is statistically significant (P ¼ 0. 2009. cross_7 Well-known member. Dahl’ old world bluestem (OWB) [Bothriochloa bladhii (Retz) S. We also specialize in turf grasses, fertilizer, wildflowers, native and improved grasses. is a nice and private 50 acre property Real Estate Ad:1493741Search titles only. , Bowie. Old World bluestems include several species of warm-season grasses that were introduced from Europe and Asia from 1920-1965. Bluestem, WW B Dahl: 1-2 pls: ¼” Apr-May: Good in loams and clays, Fair in sandy soils. WW-B. Nutritive value Abstract A field experiment was undertaken between April 2003 and May 2004 in southern Tasmania, Australia, to quantify and compare changes in the nutritive value of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L. We selected 25 sites, providing a geographically variable sample group (Fig. In addition to carbon flux measurements, other continuous. com. Blake] is a productive, drought-tolerant grass in the Rolling Plains and High Plains of west Texas (Dahl et al. In the Southern High Plains of Texas, current agricultural production primarily consists of cotton and grain production. It is primarily used for cattle (and other livestock) grazing and hay production. Silver Creek Farm. Just broadcast it and let it get rained on a few times. 2008. info@brosigbdahlgrassseed. Developed by Johnston Seed Company using breeding lines licensed by Oklahoma State University. Dahl grass for grazing and seed and several agricultural fields. the remainder of the property is rolling to hilly terrain with an excellent cover of oaks and browse for wildlife. Cultivated grassland planted to “WW-B. , Tesis en opción al grado de Doctor en Agronomía. Dahl’ Old World bluestem [OWB, Bothriochloa bladhii (Retz) S. University. Blake). “I’m a little concerned about Bermuda grass up in this country,” he said. O. , 2020. Dahl, named for Dr. B Dahl Bluestem Hay. One proposed system combines a native grass (tobosagrass) with an introduced grass (WW-B. Dahl had about one-third the fire ant mounds found in adjacent pastures of native grass or coastal bermuda (Cynodon dactylon [L. WW-B Dahl Grasses. ) land to dryland or low-irrigation production of WW-B. We scored the first few pounds of seed stock for propagation since we were known for our grass growing operation. 2 - 2. One concern for b. The red imported fire ant (Solenopsis invicta Buren) is an invasive pest that causes ecological disturbance and economic damage to habitats worldwide. Due to the lack of information on the environmental conditions in which WW-B. Additionally, there is research showing the grass to have general insect-repelling properties. ‘WW-B. Bill Dahl, a professor in Range Science at Texas Tech University, conducted tests with this grass under dryland conditions at the TTU Range Research Ranch at Justiceburg, TX. B Dahl Bluestem Hay. Dahl Bluestem is an introduced warm-season grass that is best adapted to areas receiving from 15 to 35 inches of average rainfall. Dahl. Blake] paddock. , 2018: Rangeland:Additionally, WW-B. DAHL PASTURES TO PRODUCE BEEF: POTENTIAL TO RELIEVE AQUUFER IRRIGATION AND SUSTAIN MORE INTENSIVE AGRICULTURE FOR DIVERSE WESTERN RANGELAND CONDITIONSThe rapid decline in water supply for irrigation in the Texas High Plains is encouraging some growers to convert their irrigated cropland to production of drought-tolerant forages such as ‘WW-B. Show simple item record. Pastures planted with WW-B. Resources: This tract features 806 Pecan trees with approximately 75 percent of these trees are improved varieties. At each site, we studied two adjacent plots, one with established WW-B. A Pasture-Based Model for Extended Drought Management, Long-Term Sustainability, and Economic Viability in the Southern High PlainsThe topography of the ranch is mostly level to gently rolling with a monoculture of WW- B Dahl Grass. For investors, the current owner will lease back from a new buyer the grazing and Pecan harvest. Effects of grazing vs. 3. Location. Bill Dahl, WW-B Dahl provides strong forage production and does well in central and southern Texas. OWB cultivars were developed from introduced germplasm and have been selected for different disease7,623. WW-B. Blake] is a productive, drought-tolerant grass in the Rolling Plains and High Plains of west Texas (Dahl et al. The leaves are linear and have hairs on the surface that get thicker towards the stem. Bluestem, Plains, WW-SPAR, Ironmaster. T. The soil in which B. S. Dahl Old World bluestem. Well trying to please horse people is a tall order. These grasses have been studied extensively in Oklahoma for the last 40 years. S. My neighbor has B-Dahl grass & tells me it's very good for N Texas weather. Drag a chain harrow behind it to disturb the ground/cover up the seed. Oct 8,. Smoke. cultivars are King Ranch, Plains, Ganada, WW–Spar, and WW–Iron Master. deer, turkey, and bird hunting. Stephen Weidmier 800-432-4020 . Four. Custom seeding available - Call for Service Area. Provides outstanding forage and or hay for cattle. Add the B. ) and cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L. Dahl grass showed some grass spread beyond its original field of planting, which increased with age of field. Dahl Bluestem is an introduced warm-season grass that is best adapted to areas receiving from 15 to 35 inches of average rainfall. Dahl performs well under drought conditions (forming a buffer for ranchers), but also Forage standing crop and quality of WW-B.